Horizontal forging and upsetting machine



June 25, 1968 J. szAKAcsl HORIZONTAL FORGING AND UPSETTING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 6, 1965 INVENTOR Jh'was SzAKAQsI w g-51B AT'TYS.

June 25, 1968 J. szAKlicsl 3,389,593

HORIZONTAL FORGING AND UPSETTING MACHINE Filed April 6. 1965 I5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jiq vos SzAKA'cs/ INVENTOP June 25, 1968 J. szAKixcsl HORIZONTAL FURGING AND UPSIITTING MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed April 1955 FIG. 5

JX/vos SzA/mcs/ IN VE N TOR i wW United States Patent 3 Claims. 61. 72-417 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An improvement in drive transmissions for a horizontal forging and upsetting machine such as disclosed in US. Patent 3,280,616. In this type of machine a pair of clamping jaws positioned forwardly of an upsetting slide securely clamps a workpiece. A horizontally moving upsetting slide carries the rams, mandrels or other conventional tools which operate on the work. The drive transmission correlates movement of the clamping dies with movement of the upsetting slide in such a manner that the clamping dies remain closed during the portion of the cycle that the upsetting slide is operating on the work. In the present construction the clamping drive is formed of a connecting strap pivotally connected to a double arm connecting rod provided for the upsetting slide and a two-arm lever connected to an inner connecting rod and the connecting rod cooperates with a crank drive which is offset in a direction toward the clamping arm in relation to the plane of movement of the upsetting slide. The clamping force, as :a result, remains constant for a considerable period of time, fluctuations of said force are reduced to a minimum, steadiness in the operation of the -transmis sion members is insured, and friction and wear is reduced.

Cross reference to related application The present invention represents an improvement in the clamping drive for the clamping dies of a horizontal forging and upsetting machine of the type disclosed in my copending U.S. application Ser. No. 296,316, filed July 19, 1963, now Patent No. 3,280,616.

Background of the invention In conventional forging and upsetting machines a crankshaft drives an upsetting slide by means of a connecting rod. A coupling member which drives the clamping drive of the clamping dies is pivotally connected to either the connecting rod or to the upsetting slide. The coupling member thereby effects movement of the clamping dies in conjunction with an arresting gear in such a manner that the clamping dies remain closed during the upsetting cycle or operation of the machine. In general the clamping dies are closed through ninety degrees rotation of the crankshaft, upsetting is carried on followed by withdrawal through the next 180 degrees rotation of the crankshaft, and thereafter the clamping dies are opened over the last ninety degrees of rotation of the crankshaft.

In such conventional machines it is also known to provide a strap or rod which is pivotally connected to the connecting rod and an inner connecting rod through a transmission member which causes pivotal movement of a clamping arm carrying one of the clamping dies relative to another of the clamping dies. The strap cooperates with the transmission member through a double-arm lever.

3,389,593 Patented June 25, 1968 Summary of the invention This arrangement is improved by this invention in that the clamping drive is formed of a connecting strap pivotally connected to a double-arm connecting rod provided for the upsetting slide and of a two-a rm lever connected to an inner connecting rod and the connecting rod cooperate-s with a crank drive which is ofiset in a direction toward the clam-ping arm in relation to the plane of movement of the upsetting slide. As a result of this construction the clamping force imposed by the clamping dies remains constant during a considerable period of time, clamping force fluctuations are reduced to a minimum, steadiness in the operation of the transmission members during the clamping and upsetting cycles is insured, friction and wear of the moving elements is reduced and a quiet running of the machine is effected.

The offsetting of the crank drive also provides a more eificient path of travel for the point of articulation of the clamping drive. The duration of the clamping or arresting cycle is increased by the offsetting and the curve described by the connecting pin of the connecting strap is nearly circular and extends over an are substantially between the reversed points of the curve of movement of the connecting pin. This is important because of the plurality of links in the clamping drive of conventional machines which prevent the same from operating as fast as simple die forging presses, for example. In horizontal forging and upsetting machines the number of strokes in a predetermined time period is determined by the permissible acceleration forces in the individual transmission and/or connecting members. These acceleration forces are reduced by the arrangement of the crankshaft drive of this invention offset from and above the plane of movement of the upsetting slide with the accompanying result that the clamping drive can operate more quickly.

Another advantage of offsetting the crankshaft above the plane of movement of the upsetting slide is that the forces imposed on the slide are directed in a downward direction urging the upsetting slide downwardly in the upsetting slide guides. The upsetting slide then remains in intimate contact Wit-h the guide even during the upsetting cycle when eccentric forces are greatest, and the resultant steadier running of the machine assures increased output at high speeds.

The invention is discussed hereinbelow with reference to the drawings, wherein:

Brief description of the drawings FIG. 1 is a digrammatic elevational view of a forging and upsetting machine of this invention, and illustrates the pivot point of the crankshaft offset upwardly relative to the plane of movement of the upsetting slide.

FIG 2 is a longitudinal section through an embodiment of the forging and upsetting machine according to the invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-section taken on the line 3-3 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 shows a lateral view of the forging and upsetting machine according to the invention in accordance with what is shown in FIG. 2; and

FIG. 5 shows the forging and upsetting machine according to the invention in a view from the other side.

Description of the preferred embodiments The horizontal forging and upsetting machine constructed in accordance with this invention is diagrammatically illustrated in FIG. 1 for purposes of clarity and simplification, and reference is directed to the above-noted application and FIGS. 2 through 5 for the disclosure of a typical machine with which the invention is most particularly directed. In the horizontal forging and upsetting machine a crankshaft is driven by means of a coupling and motor (not shown). A connecting rod 12 is connected between a crankpin 11 of the crankshaft 10 and an upsetting slide 13 which is thereby reciprocated in a horizontal plane in guides 14a and 14b. The upsetting slide 13 carries the upsetting tools e.g. rams, mandrels and the like in a conventional manner.

A strap 15 is pivotally connected to the connecting rod 12 and is also connected to one end portion of a double arm lever 16. The double arm lever is pivoted about a bearing 17. An inner connecting rod 18 is connected to the double arm lever at a second end portion thereof opposite to the connection of the double arm lever 16 with the strap 15. The inner connecting rod 18 rotates an eccentric lever 23 about an eccentric pin 24- which is mounted on gripper arm 19. Due to the rotational movement of the eccentric lever 23 in conjunction with an eccentric 25, which forms a rigid element with the eccentric lever 23, an outer connecting rod 21 is so pivoted about a pivot 22 that the pivot points 22, 24 and 26 are situated on a straight line.

A workpiece (not shown) is clamped between clamping jaws 27, 28, the latter being fixed in the machine bed and the former being movably carried by the clamping arm 19 in the manner clearly disclosed in the aformentioned application to which referencemay be made for the specific structural details thereof. As the clamping arm 19 is pivoted about the pivot in a counterclockwise direction clamping takes place between the clamping jaws 27, 28 while opposite pivoting causes opening movement of these jaws. The opening and closing of the jaws 27, 28 is effected by longitudinal displacement of the connecting rod 18 from right-to-left and left-to-right whereupon the eccentric is rotated and the clamping arm 19 is moved upward and downward. In the closed or clamping position of the clamping arm 19 the upsetting of a workpiece takes place along with withdrawal of the upsetting slide over substantially 180 degrees revolution of the crankshaft 10.

The crankshaft 10 is mounted for rotation about a crank or pivot pin 10a which is offset above the plane of movement of the upsetting slide 13 toward the clamping arm 19, as is clearly illustrated in the drawing. This offsetting of the crankpin 10a achieves efficient clamping forces over an arc of a generally circular curve defined by a pivot 29 between the connecting rod 12 and the strap 15. That is, the approximate 180 degrees of movement of the pivot 29 between the solid line position shown in the drawing and the point 30 defines the beginning and ending of the clamping or arresting cycles of the machine. This results in the earlier application of clamping force than that effected in heretofore known conventional machines and, as important, is longer than similar clamping forces of known conventional machines. The offsetting of the crankpin 10a, as well as the path of travel of the pivot 29, above the plane of movement of the upsetting slide 13 also permits a longer time of the workpiece to cool becaues of a more rapid release thereof by the clamping jaws 27, 28. As is also readily apparent from the drawing, during the upsetting movement of the slide 13 as far left as possible the connecting rod 12 urges the slide 13 downwardly with a vertical force component toward the bottom guide 14a, resulting in more effective and smooth operation of the machine.

As can be seen in connection with the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 5, the upsetting slide 13 has, in a known manner, a rear arm 13a so that the upsetting slide has a long guideway with a continuous profile. The tie 15 can be made extremely short. The double-arm lever 16 has arms of almost identical length and this produces a smooth movement of the transmission members. The inner pull rod 18, which is also subjected to compression stressing, is designed as a safety pull rod. For this purpose,

there is a double toggle lever system 32 and 33 retained in the pressure position by the spring 34. In the case of overload, the double toggle lever system will be able to deflect by buckling.

In the practical embodiment illustrated, the inner pull or pressure rod 18 acts via a lever 23 on a shaft 26, the lever 23 and the shaft 26 being keyed to rotate together. The shaft 26 has an eccentric disk 25 which is journaled in one end of the outer pull rod 21. The shaft 26 is mounted in the clamping bow 19. Due to longitudinal displacement of the pull and pressure rod 18, the shaft 26 is rotated with the eccentric 25, whereby the clamping how 19 is moved upwardly and downwardly. In the illustrated position of the parts, the clamping bow 19 is, for effecting the clamping of the workpieces, in the closed position and the upsetting slide 13 has reached the foremost position.

The drive of the forging and upsetting machine is effected by the motor 38 from the belt pulley 39 from which a belt 40 leads to the belt pulley 41 on the shaft 42 upon which a flywheel 43 is mounted. On the shaft 42 is a pinion gear 44 meshing with a large gearwheel 45. The said gearwheel 45 rotates about the pin 46 which corresponds to pivot pin 10a of FIG. 1 shown to be offset in the direction toward the clamping arm 19. The crank shaft 10 is mounted for rotation about pin 46. Mounted on the crank shaft 10 is, on one side of the machine, the singlepulley friction coupling 47 and, on the other side of the machine, the single-pulley friction brake 48.

The outer pull rods 21 are, with the lower bearing shaft 22, mounted directly in the machine bed 49. The same applies to the crank shaft 10 and the bearing shafts 17 and 20.

While there is herein shown and described the preferred embodiment of the invention, it is nevertheless to be understood that minor changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

What is claimed is:

1. In a horizontal forging and upsetting machine the combination comprising a pivotally mounted clamping bow; an upsetting slide having a pressure rod connected thereto for motion in a horizontal plane of movement; an inner pull rod; an outer pull rod; said outer pull rod being connected to one side of said clamping bow; a tie member directly connected to said pressure rod; a transmission member coupling said tie member to said inner pull rod to cause movement of the clamping bow, said transmission member being formed as a centrally pivoted lever; means for pivotally connecting one end of said lever to one end of said tie member; means for connecting the other end of said lever to said inner pull rod, means for applying oscillatory motion to said tie member to drive said lever and said pull rods, the transmission of motion from said tie to said inner pull rod being oscillatory to provide the clamping bow with oscillatory motion having a rest period in both extreme positions; a crank including a crank pin connected thereto and to said pressure rod to drive said pressure rod; and means for pivotally mounting said pressure rod on said slide, the crank: pin being offset above the same plane of movement of said upsetting slide toward said clamping bow.

2. The horizontal forging and upsetting machine as defined in claim 1 wherein said tie member is connected by a pivot to said other end of said connecting rod, and said last mentioned pivot defines a generally circular path of travel which is similarly offset above the plane of movement of said upsetting slide toward said clamping arm.

3. The horizontal upsetting and forging machine as defined in claim 1 wherein said circular path defines clamping and upsetting cycles of said machine, said clamping cycle extending over an arc of substantially degrees and said upsetting cycle extends over an arc of substan tially degrees.

(References on following page) 5 References Cited UNlTED STATES PATENTS 6/ 1954 Riernenschneider 72--357 8/1963 Esser et al. '72313 1/1966 Carnelli 74-44 10/1966 Szakacsi 72-417 6 OTHER REFERENCES Dykes Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia, 22nd ed., 1950, p. 61, Effect of Offset Cylinders.

5 CHARLES W. LANHAM, Primary Examiner.

E. SUTTON, Assistant Examiner. 

